张思中教学法中兴趣调动的探索与实践

②当班级中产生群体差异时，就采取“分层教学”，即教学目标弹性分层；教学过程异步化，学习过程个别化。

2．分层教学

①教学目标弹性分层

A.基础性目标  B.提高性目标  C.发展性目标。基础目标是每个学生必须而且可以达到的。学有余力的学生可以选择提高性和发展性目标。教师让学生明确每个单元和每节课的教学弹性分层目标。学生根据自己的实际情况，确立自己的层次目标，但每个人的选择是动态的。这样就能给学生创造多次尝试、选择、发现、发展的条件和机会，使他们的思维和情感处于激发状态。从而取得良好的学习效果，并不断向高一级目标前进。

②教学过程异步化，学习过程个别化

为实现分层性教学目标，必须改革英语课堂教学过程，实行异步教学过程：复习→确认A.B.C目标层次→点拨→异步强化训练→分层检测→分层布置作业。其中自主学习和异步强化训练占了课堂教学的大部分时间。教师对自学有困难的学生予以指导。异步训练是对三个层次的学生实行控制、训练分控制训练和自由训练。把全班分成若干小组，每个小组有优生、中等生和差生，成绩差的学生在成绩好的学生的带动下，久而久之也能对课堂上教师的要求作出积极的反应，从而形成同组成员既互相帮助又互相竞争的气氛，同时激励他们不断进步。

通过教学实践，我感到课堂内实施分层递进、异步教学是一个行之有效的教学方法。其核心是因材施教。它可以充分发挥教师的主导作用，又增强了学生学习的自主性，特别是提高了各不同层次的学生学习英语的兴趣和信心，为学生学好英语创造成功的条件。

分层递进、异步教学教案示例：

（A、B、C分别代表选择基础目标、提高目标和发展目标的学生）

I.Teaching content: SEFC Book II Unit 19 Lesson 74&75

II.Aims and requirements

A. 1) Have a general comprehension of the text and read the text correctly and fluently.

  2) Learn and grasp useful expressions: join in, put…in prison, set an example, give in, make a speech, side by side, over and over again,etc.

B. 1) Have a deep understanding of the text.

  2) Be able to recite the text.

C. Be able to tell something about Martin Luther King Jr., using the useful expressions in the text.

III.Procedures:

1.Revision: A: Go over the dialogue of Lesson 73.

          B: Say something about slavery.

2.Preparation for reading:

  The teacher gives a brief introduction of Martin Luther King, Jr.

     Martin Luther King, Jr, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964, was an important political leader in the USA. He fought for…

   3.Reading (self-study)

   A.1) Read the passage to find the answers to the top questions in the text.

     2) Read again and underline the important phrases and sentence patterns.

   B.1) Find the answers to the questions of Wb. Lesson 74 &75.

     2)Try to have a clear understanding of some details of the text.

   C.Try to have a general idea of the text.

   4.Development and consolidation (Group Work)

   A.1) Listen to the tape and repeat

     2)Read the text

   B.Say something about Martin Luther King Jr. in chronological order:

1929:________________       1964:_________________

1948:________________       1965:_________________

1951:________________       1968:_________________

C.Replace the underlined parts with the phrases in the text:

1) He demanded

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